Previous UTIs are accepted as a risk factor because they render the bladder urothelium into a chronic, inflammatory state that is more susceptible to re-infection.¹

What do we know from the evidence?

A 7-year prospective study of CIC-users found two predictive factors²:

• Patients with high UTIs at the start of the study also had high UTI rates at the end of the follow-up period
• High UTI rates were linked to development of high catheterisation volumes